What role does sex play in the varying shapes and sizes of antlers?

Evidence: In one of the exhibits, there were many antlers of all shapes and sizes. A picture next to it displayed two goats, a a male and a female. The male had noticeably bigger antlers than the female.
Explanation: They varying sizes were because of sexual dimorphism, which is the difference in morphology between males and females in the same species. This can include differences in size, shape,color, and in this case, antler size and shape. Sexual dimorphism evolved by means of natural selection, which is a type of evolution. This can help the animal because the males with bigger antlers tend to get mating priority and are stronger.

How does location affect the way certain animals evolve?

Evidence: In on the the exhibits, a few of the fossils(e.g.  Toxodon and Glyptondont; cousin to armadillo) from South America were extremely large in comparison to other fossils found in other continents. That is because south america was a continent isolated from the rest of the world during the Cenozic.
Explanation: When species are separated because of isolation, they can't reproduce with each other, so variations and mutations occur in one group that don't happen to the other. This is the case with the South american animals. They evolved to become species unique to that continent. This aspect of evolution is known as geographic evolution.

How did changing environments cause early horses to evolve?

Evidence: In the Cenzoic Mammals exhibit, there were fossils of early horses that looked similar but had distinct differences. Since they were time periods apart, they probably had different adaptations to their changing environments.

Explanation: If the climate in an environment changes, like it did to early horses in the Micone era, it can affect that animals survival. So, horses became very diversified. The changing environment led to the specialization of some species, like the grassland dwellers, and they were better equipped for this new environment with their traits. This evidence comes from the fossil record and shows that horses today evolved from these ancestors. 

What causes many different species to look similar?

Evidence: In the South American Vertebrate exhibit, there were various species of wild cats that looked very similar.

Explanation: These different species had anatomical similarities because they share a common ancestor.  They have distinguished differences because of evolutionary adaptations to their environments. Some are built for speed, some hunt at night, and others during the day to catch their prey. They each have traits unique to them to help them survive in their natural habitats.

How does the color of an organism affect it in its environment?

Evidence: In one of the exhibits, there were many bugs. But, at first you couldn't tell because you had to look really closely to notice them. This is because they blended into their surroundings easily. An example is the bugs that look just like leaves. 

Explanation: In arthropods, the color they are in their environment affects them very much. Many over time evolved to blend into their surroundings. This is known as crypsis. This aspect of evolution is known as natural selection. Being disguised into their surroundings hides them from predators and helps them to survive.